In the construction field, innovation and sustainability are fundamental pillars for facing the challenges of the 21st century.

CHM Obras e Infraestructuras S.A. stands as a benchmark in the sector, committed to quality, safety, and environmental respect. The VAXAMA project, a pioneering initiative in automating the production control of asphalt mixes through advanced artificial vision and image analysis techniques, represents a significant advancement in the industry. This article explores the objectives, characteristics, and benefits of the VAXAMA project, as well as its impact on the efficiency and sustainability of CHM's operations.

VAXAMA Project Objectives

The main objective of VAXAMA is to develop an automated methodology for the production control of asphalt mixtures, using non-destructive techniques of machine vision and image analysis. This approach aims to minimize uncertainties in the mixture composition during its application, optimizing production processes and reducing associated costs and time.

Specific Technical Objectives of the VAXAMA project

1. Study of Artificial Vision TechniquesAnalyze the latest trends in computer vision techniques to determine their suitability for characterizing asphalt mixtures.
2. Definition of Essays and ParametersEstablish the necessary tests and parameters to accurately characterize different asphalt mixtures.
3. Technology VerificationRelate the results of normalized tests with new non-destructive techniques and verify their applicability on an industrial scale.
4. Methodology DevelopmentCreate a methodology for applying these techniques at an industrial level, ensuring precise characterization of mixtures.

Industrial and Economic Objectives

1. Uncertainty ReductionDevelop a methodology that allows for the automatic characterization of mixtures, anticipating results to minimize cost overruns and delays.
2. Real-World ValidationPerform test runs to validate the developed technology and demonstrate its feasibility and economic benefits.
3. Implementation of New TechniquesDemonstrate how implementing image analysis can improve the industry's competitiveness.

Environmental and Social Objectives

1. Energy Consumption MinimizationOptimize production processes to reduce energy and material consumption.
2. Reduction of Maintenance TasksIncrease the durability of asphalt mixtures, reducing the need for road preservation and maintenance.
3. Improving Social PerceptionPromote a positive image of the construction sector through sustainable practices.

Technical Characteristics of the VAXAMA Project

The VAXAMA project is distinguished by its focus on automation and precision in the characterization of asphalt mixtures. Using X-ray scanners and advanced image analysis techniques, VAXAMA aims to overcome the limitations of traditional quality control methods.

Construction Automation

Automation is key to increasing productivity and efficiency in construction. The VAXAMA project applies this philosophy to the production of asphalt mixes, integrating cutting-edge technology to ensure the quality and consistency of the materials used.

Road Transport Infrastructure: Importance in Production Control

Road transport infrastructure is essential for a country's social cohesion and economic development. These networks allow for the efficient flow of goods and people, facilitating the structuring of the territory and improving connectivity. In Spain, according to data from the Directorate General of Roads (MITMA), there are over 165,000 kilometers of roads, constituting one of the densest networks in Europe. In 2019, over 445 billion trips per kilometer were made, and more than 1.5 billion tons were transported for domestic mobility, highlighting the importance of road transport in the country.

Transportation Infrastructure Investment

Investment in transportation infrastructure reflects the sector’s importance. In 2019, the government invested more than 7.25 billion euros, of which 49% was allocated to road transport, according to the Observatory of Transport and Logistics in Spain (OTLE). This investment is crucial for maintaining and improving the quality of road infrastructure, ensuring its durability and efficiency.

Production Control in Bituminous Mixes

Within the context of transportation infrastructure investment, bituminous mixtures play a fundamental role. These mixtures, defined by the General Technical Specifications for Road and Bridge Works (PG-3), consist of a combination of aggregates and a hydrocarbon binder, forming a homogeneous, durable, and resistant product. The quality of these mixtures depends on the correct characterization of the materials that compose them: aggregates, bitumen, and void content.

1. AggregatesThey form the mineral skeleton of asphalt mixtures and must be resistant to fragmentation and wear caused by traffic.
2. Hydrocarbon BinderPrimarily asphalt binder, it acts as a binder for the aggregates.
3. Hole ContentKey indicator of the mixture's compaction and quality, directly affecting its mechanical behavior and durability.

Characterization and Quality Control

The characterization of asphalt mixtures involves determining their physical, chemical, mechanical, and hydraulic properties to evaluate their durability and functionality. According to PG-3, it is essential to perform Production and Quality Control during the execution and placement of bituminous mixtures. This includes periodic tests within the VAXAMA project to determine the binder content, aggregate gradation, and verify that the samples meet the designed mechanical properties and void content.

Regulatory Procedures

Characterization tests follow normative procedures set out in UNE-EN and PG-3, ensuring that the manufactured bituminous mixtures meet the necessary quality standards for their use in transport infrastructure.

Advanced Production Control

The use of X-ray scanners allows for a detailed view of mixture composition, facilitating real-time control and reducing dependence on human factors. This technology promises a significant reduction in production time and cost, while also improving the accuracy of results.

Environmental and Economic Impact

The methodology developed at VAXAMA not only optimizes production processes but also contributes to environmental sustainability. Reduced energy and material consumption, along with a lower need for maintenance, translate into significant economic and ecological benefits.

Benefits for Society and the Construction Sector

The VAXAMA project has a positive impact on both society and the construction sector. By improving the quality and durability of asphalt mixtures, safer and more efficient transportation infrastructure is guaranteed, benefiting the entire community.

Waste and Emissions Reduction

Process optimization allows for a considerable reduction in waste generation and greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable environment.

Innovation Promotion

VAXAMA positions CHM as an innovation leader in the sector, fostering the use of advanced technologies that enhance competitiveness and promote sustainable practices.

Conclusion